Overview The Balboa 32U4 is a small, user-programmable balancing robot based on the Arduino-compatible ATmega32U4 AVR microcontroller from Microchip (formerly Atmel) and featuring two H-bridge motor drivers, quadrature encoders for closed-loop motor control, a full inertial measurement unit (3-axis accelerometer, gyro, and magnetometer) for estimating orientation and balancing, and an optional interface for connecting a Raspberry Pi to make a Raspberry Pi-controlled balancing robot. The control board includes a powerful 5V switching step-down regulator that can supply up to 2A continuously, along with a versatile power-switching and distribution circuit. Three on-board pushbuttons offer a convenient interface for user input, while indicator LEDs, a buzzer, and a connector for an optionalLCD(not included) allow the robot to provide feedback. Like ourZumo 32U4 robotandA-Star 32U4 programmable controllers, which are based on the same microcontroller, Balboa 32U4 features a USB interface and ships preloaded with an Arduino-compatible bootloader. A software add-on is available that makes it easy to program the robot from the Arduino environment, and we have Arduino libraries and example sketches to help get you started. AUSB A to Micro-B cable(not included) is required for programming. For those who want to customize or enhance their robots with additional peripherals, the robot’s power rails and microcontroller’s I/O lines can be accessed via 0.1?-spaced through-holes along the sides, front/top, and back/bottom of the control board. The Balboa 32U4 control board can serve as the robot’s main controller, or it can act a base for a more powerful Raspberry Pi controller. With the addition of a2×20 female headerandstandoffs(neither of which are included), a compatible Raspberry Pi (Model B+ or newer, includingPi3 Model BandModelA+) can plug directly into the board. Integrated level shifters make it easy to set up I²C communication and interface other signals between the two controllers, and the control board automatically supplies 5V power to an attached Raspberry Pi. In this setup, the Raspberry Pi can handle the high-level robot control while relying on the Balboa’s ATmega32U4 microcontroller for low-level tasks, like running motors, reading encoders, and interfacing with other analog or timing-sensitive devices.